![]() Even with a short measurement time, the spectrum can give sufficient information to calculate intensities, which can be used to determine the composition of the sample. This makes it a quasi-simultaneous measurement. A detector of a modern XRF machine can handle 1 million counts per second. This process handles each X-ray one by one but with a high speed. The signals are collected in a multi-channel-analyzer. The X-rays create signals in the detector, which are depending on the energy of the incoming radiation. The fluorescence energy is equal to the energy difference between the two election shells. Therefore, the energy of this radiation is characteristic for the atom and indicates, what atom is present in the sample.Īs many atoms are present in the sample, it will emit various X-rays with different energy. In an energy-dispersive XRF instrument the fluorescence radiation is collected by a semi-conductor detector. The open position is filled by an electron from a further outer shell and fluorescence radiation is emitted. A primary X-ray, typically generated in an X-ray tube, hits an inner shell electron of the atom and ejects the election from the atom. The effect of X-ray fluorescence is based on the excitation of atoms in the sample. Over the years the applications expanded and nowadays the applications cover the analysis of alloys, various types of powder samples to liquid samples and filter material. Solid samples were the first sample types analyzed by X-rays. The traditional use of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) has its roots in geology. ![]()
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